This combination is prescribed for the treatment of essential hypertension when blood pressure is not adequately controlled with a single agent. Bisoprolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker, lowers heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, while Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, reduces blood volume by increasing excretion of water and electrolytes. The two work together to provide effective and sustained blood pressure control, reducing the risk of stroke, heart attack, and heart failure.